https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2021.1685

Cockroach exposure and its allergy sensitization in asthma patients

Vol. 91 No. 3 (2021)
Submitted: November 20, 2020
Accepted: April 21, 2021
Published: May 11, 2021
Cockroach, asthma, skin prick test, specific IgE, total IgE
Abstract Views: 1498
PDF: 574
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Authors

Manoj Kumar
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-3493
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, India.
Rajesh Kumar Gupta
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida U.P, India.
Raj Kumar
rajkumarvpci@gmail.com
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, India.
Sonam Spalgais
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, India.
Anil Kumar Mavi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0776-8528
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, India.
Kamal Singh
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, India.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with distinct phenotypes. Serum tIgE, SSIgE and SPT are the methods of evaluating allergen sensitization. The present study evaluates the exposure and sensitization to cockroach (Periplaneta americana) antigens in asthma patients in a metropolitan city of India. The study enrolled 200 consecutive bronchial asthma patients, diagnosed as per GINA guidelines. As per history of exposure to cockroaches, the patients are divided in two groups as exposed and non-exposed asthmatic. All the enrolled subjects underwent SPT against common aeroallergens including cockroach, spirometry and estimation of tIgE level and SSIgE against cockroach. Out of 200 asthma patients, a total of 114 (57%) asthmatic were found SPT positive against one of the common aeroallergens, of which 68 (34%) showed SPT sensitivity against cockroach. A total of 103 (51.5%) patients were found exposed to cockroaches. In the cockroach exposed group, the mean serum tIgE was found significantly higher than the non-exposed group (569.31±224.64 vs 479.29±237 IU/ml; p=0.007). The mean SSIgE against cockroach in exposed groups was found not significant than non-expose group (4.87±11.19 vs 4.11±8.39 KUA/L; p=0.589). The mean tIgE was also not significant in atopic compared to non-atopic asthmatic (553.25±218.12 IU/ml vs 489.1±251.16 IU/ml; p=0.056). The mean SSIgE against cockroach was 5.66±10.45 KUA/L for atopic and 2.96±8.98 KUA/L for non-atopic (p=0.054). The airway obstruction was almost the same in both groups.  Asthmatic patients who were exposed to cockroach and atopic had high tIgE, SSIgE levels and SPT positivity against cockroach antigen compared to non-exposed patients.

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How to Cite

Kumar, Manoj, Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Raj Kumar, Sonam Spalgais, Anil Kumar Mavi, and Kamal Singh. 2021. “Cockroach Exposure and Its Allergy Sensitization in Asthma Patients”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 91 (3). https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2021.1685.
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