https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2276
Cardiac biomarkers and mortality in COVID-19 infection: A review
Submitted: March 27, 2022
Accepted: June 16, 2022
Published: June 23, 2022
Accepted: June 16, 2022
Abstract Views: 1209
PDF: 381
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Lots of meta-analysis emphasize that a great number of hospitalized patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 developed acute myocardial damage, defined as an increase of cardiac biomarkers, such N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) and of all type of troponins. The highest mortality rate is related with progressively increasing biomarkers levels and with a history of cardiovascular disease. In fact, the biomarkers dosage should be considered as a prognostic marker in all patients with COVID-19 disease at admission, during hospitalization and in the case of clinical deterioration. The purpose of this review is to evaluate cardiovascular prognostic factors in COVID-19 disease throughout the analysis of cardiac biomarkers to early identify the most serious patients and to optimize their outcomes.
Su S, Wong G, Shi W, et al. Epidemiology, Genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trends Microbiol 2016;24:490-502.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003
World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Situation Report 32. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200221-sitrep-32-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=4802d089_2
Aboughdir M, Kirwin T, Khader AA, et al. Prognostic value of cardiovascular biomarkers in COVID-19: A review. Viruses 2020;12:527.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v12050527
Danwang C, Endomba FT, Nkeck JR, et al. A meta-analysis of potential biomarkers associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Biomark Res 2020;8:37.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-020-00217-0
Nguyen JL, Yang W, Ito K, et al. Seasonal influenza infections and cardiovascular disease mortality. JAMA Cardiol 2016;1:274-81.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0433
Corrales-Medina VF, Suh KN, Rose G, et al. Cardiac complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001048.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001048
Alhogbani T. Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ann Saudi Med 2016;36.78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2016.78
Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, et al. Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:811-8. Erratum in: JAMA Cardi. 2020;5:848.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017
Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study. BMJ 2020 26;368:m1091. Erratum in: BMJ 2020;368:m1295.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1091
Yang C, Liu F, Liu W, et al. Myocardial injury and risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Int J Cardiol 2021;326:230-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.048
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020;395:1054-1062.. Erratum in: Lancet 2020;395:1038.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
Han H, Xie L, Liu R, et al. Analysis of heart injury laboratory parameters in 273 COVID-19 patients in one hospital in Wuhan, China. J Med Virol 2020;92:819-23.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25809
Inciardi RM, Adamo M, Lupi L, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and cardiac disease in Northern Italy. Eur Heart J 2020;41:1821-9. Erratum in: Eur Heart J 2020;41:4591.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa388
Lombardi CM, Carubelli V, Iorio A, et al. Association of troponin levels with mortality in italian patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019: Results of a multicenter study. JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:1274-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3538
Stefanini GG, Chiarito M, Ferrante G, et al. Early detection of elevated cardiac biomarkers to optimise risk stratification in patients with COVID-19. Heart 2020;106:1512-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317322
Poterucha TJ, Elias P, Jain SS, et al. Admission cardiac diagnostic testing with electrocardiography and troponin measurement prognosticates increased 30-day mortality in COVID-19. J Am Heart Assoc 2021;10:e018476.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.018476
Aggarwal S, Garcia-Telles N, Aggarwal G, et al. Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Early report from the United States. Diagnosis (Berl) 2020;7:91-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/dx-2020-0046
Nathisuwan S, Talbert RL. A review of vasopeptidase inhibitors: A new modality in the treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure. Pharmacotherapy 2002;22:27-42.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.22.1.27.33502
Levin ER, Frank HJL. Natriuretic peptides inhibit rat astroglial proliferation: Mediation by C receptor. Am J Physiol 1991;261:R453-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.2.R453
Marcus LS, Hart D, Packer M, et al. Hemodynamic and renal excretory effects of human brain natriuretic peptide infusion in patients with congestive heart failure. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial. Circulation 1996;94:3184-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.94.12.3184
Omland T. Clinical and laboratory diagnostics of cardiovascular disease: focus on natriuretic peptides and cardiac ischemia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl 2005;240:18-24.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00365510500236077
Caro-Codón J, Rey JR, Buño A, et al. Characterization of NT-proBNP in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients. Eur J Heart Fail 2021;23:456-64.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.2095
Sorrentino S, Cacia M, Leo I, et al. B-type natriuretic peptide as biomarker of COVID-19 disease severity-A meta-analysis. J Clin Med 2020;9:2957.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092957
Gao L, Jiang D, Wen XS, et al. Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in patients with severe COVID-19. Respir Res 2020;21:83.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01352-w
Park DW, Kim YH, Yun SC, et al. Frequency, causes, predictors, and clinical significance of peri-procedural myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2013;34:1662-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht048
Bao J, Li C, Zhang K, et al. Comparative analysis of laboratory indexes of severe and non-severe patients infected with COVID-19. Clin Chim Acta 2020;509:180-94.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.009
Shi L, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al. Meta-analysis of relation of creatine kinase-MB to risk of mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Am J Cardiol 2020;130:163-5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.06.004
Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Gill D, Walker J, et al. Myocardial injury and COVID-19: Possible mechanisms. Life Sci 2020;253:117723.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117723
Boukhris M, Hillani A, Moroni F, et al. Cardiovascular implications of the COVID-19 pandemic: A global perspective. Can J Cardiol 2020;36:1068-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.05.018
Li JW, Han TW, Woodward M, et al. The impact of 2019 novel coronavirus on heart injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020;63:518-24.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.008
Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:802-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950
Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020;323:1061-9. Erratum in: JAMA 2021;325:1113.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585
Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020;8:420-2. Erratum in: Lancet Respir Med 2020;8:420-2.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
Bonow RO, Fonarow GC, O’Gara PT, et al. Association of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with myocardial injury and mortality. JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:751-3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1105
Kwong JC, Schwartz KL, Campitelli MA, et al. Acute myocardial infarction after laboratory-confirmed influenza infection. N Engl J Med 2018;378:345-53.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1702090
Madjid M, Miller CC, Zarubaev VV, et al. Influenza epidemics and acute respiratory disease activity are associated with a surge in autopsy-confirmed coronary heart disease death: results from 8 years of autopsies in 34,892 subjects. Eur Heart J 2007;28:1205-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehm035
Inciardi RM, Lupi L, Zaccone G, et al. Cardiac involvement in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol 2020;5:819-24.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1096
Fajgenbaum DC, June CH. Cytokine storm. N Engl J Med 2020;383:2255-73.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra2026131
Lippi G, Lavie CJ, Sanchis-Gomar F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020;63:390-1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.001
Pranata R, Huang I, Lukito AA, et al. Elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is associated with increased mortality in patients with COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Postgrad Med J 2020;96:387-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137884
Dalia T, Lahan S, Ranka S, et al. Impact of congestive heart failure and role of cardiac biomarkers in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian Heart J 2021;73:91-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2020.12.002
Wan S, Xiang Y, Fang W, et al. Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing. J Med Virol 2020;92:797-806.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25783
Liu C, Wang Y. [Discussion on the application of febrile disease theory to the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia].[Article in Chinese with English Abstract]. Lanzhou University 2020. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/pt/czh-842?lang=en
Wei JF, Huang FY, Xiong TY, et al. Acute myocardial injury is common in patients with COVID-19 and impairs their prognosis. Heart 2020;106:1154-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317007
Ghio S, Baldi E, Vicentini A, et al. Cardiac involvement at presentation in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and their outcome in a tertiary referral hospital in Northern Italy. Intern Emerg Med 2020;15:1457-65. Erratum in: Intern Emerg Med 2021;16:807.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-020-02604-9
How to Cite
Cersosimo, Angelica, Giuliana Cimino, Ludovica Amore, Emiliano Calvi, Greta Pascariello, Riccardo Maria Inciardi, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Enrico Vizzardi, and Marco Metra. 2022. “Cardiac Biomarkers and Mortality in COVID-19 Infection: A Review”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 93 (1). https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2276.
Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Enrico Vassallo, Francesca Musella, Susanna Mosca, Laura Casaretti, Roberto Formisano, Giacomo Mattiello, Ada Bologna, Irma Fabiani, Francesco Gambardella, Laura Petraglia, Giuseppe Rengo, Dario Leosco, Pasquale Perrone-Filardi, Clinical and therapeutic value of carotid intima-media thickness , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 76 No. 3 (2011): Cardiac series
- Sara Salim Ali, Imran Ahmed Qureshi, Ahmed Ayaz, Ainan Arshad, Awais Farhad, Bushra Jamil, Muhammad Rizwan Sohail, Etiology, clinical characteristics, and outcome of infective endocarditis: 10-year experience from a tertiary care center in Pakistan , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 92 No. 4 (2022)
- Donatella Ruggiero, Stefania Paolillo, Giuseppe Della Ratta, Antonio Mariniello, Tiziana Formisano, Angela Maria Pellegrino, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Endothelial function as a marker of pre-clinical atherosclerosis: assessment techniques and clinical implications , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 80 No. 3 (2013): Cardiac series
- Edoardo Sciatti, Enrico Vizzardi, Dario S. Cani, Assunta Castiello, Ivano Bonadei, Daria Savoldi, Marco Metra, Antonio D'Aloia, Kounis syndrome, a disease to know: Case report and review of the literature , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 88 No. 1 (2018)
- Marzia Testa, Enrico Lombardo, Enrico Avogadri, Marco Agostini, Giuseppe Forte, Salvatore Piccolo, Mauro Feola, Infective endocarditis or myxoma? Description of a patient with new diagnosis of congestive heart failure , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 78 No. 2 (2012): Cardiac series
- Floriana Caccamo, Simone Saltini, Enrico Carella, Roberto Carlon, Cristina Marogna, Vito Sava, The measure of effectiveness of a short-term 2-week intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation program in decreasing levels of anxiety and depression , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 88 No. 1 (2018)
- Domenico Scrutinio, Fabio Bellotto, Rocco Lagioia, Andrea Passantino, Physical activity for coronary heart disease: cardioprotective mechanisms and effects on prognosis , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 64 No. 2 (2005): Cardiac series
- Giovanni Cioffi, Luigi Tarantini, Pompilio Faggiano, Giovanni Pulignano, Giulia Russo, Andrea Di Lenarda, Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in chronic kidney disease: from asymptomatic changes in geometry and function to overt heart failure , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 82 No. 1 (2014): Cardiac series
- I.A. Brownlee, A. Aseeri, C. Ward, J.P. Pearson, From gastric aspiration to airway inflammation , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 73 No. 2 (2010): Pulmonary series
- Fabio Maresca, Greta Luana D’Ascoli, Francesca Ziviello, Gianluca Petrillo, Vito Di Palma, Angelo Russo, Alessandra Grieco, Plinio Cirillo, Obesity and ischemic heart disease. Is there a link between wellness’ diseases? , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 76 No. 1 (2011): Cardiac series
<< < 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
