https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2023.2581
Asthma exacerbations and body mass index in children and adolescents: experience from a tertiary care center
Submitted: March 13, 2023
Accepted: June 8, 2023
Published: June 27, 2023
Accepted: June 8, 2023
Abstract Views: 901
PDF: 176
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
The prevalence and incidence of asthma continue to rise globally. Obesity has been identified as a potential risk factor for asthma exacerbations. The association between body mass index (BMI) and asthma is not well studied in some regions. This study aims to investigate the impact of BMI on pediatric asthmatic patients. This retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital from 2019 to 2022. Children and adolescents with asthma exacerbations were included. The patients were classified into four groups based on their BMI: underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obese. The demographic characteristics, medications used, predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) measurements, asthma exacerbations per year, length of stay per admission, and the number of patients requiring high dependency unit (HDU) care were recorded and analyzed. Our results demonstrated that patients in the healthy weight category had the highest percentage of FEV1 (91.46±8.58) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) (85.75±9.23) (p<0.001). The study found a significant difference in the average number of asthma exacerbations per year between the four groups. Obese patients had the highest number of episodes (3.22±0.94), followed by the underweight group (2.42±0.59) (p<0.01). The length of stay per admission was significantly shorter for patients with a healthy weight (2.0±0.81), and there was a statistically significant difference observed in the number of patients requiring HDU care among the four groups, as well as in the average length of stay at the HDU (p<0.001). Elevated BMI is related to an increased number of annual asthma exacerbations, a low FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, an increased length of stay at admission, and an increased stay in the HDU.
Everaere L, Ait Yahia S, Bouté M, et al. Innate lymphoid cells at the interface between obesity and asthma. Immunology 2018;153:21-30.
Alhekail GA, Althubaiti A, AlQueflie S. The association between body mass index and frequency of emergency department visits and hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in a pediatric population. Ann Saudi Med 2017;37:415-9.
Quinto KB, Zuraw BL, Poon KYT, et al. The association of obesity and asthma severity and control in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:964-9.
Shan LS, Zhou QL, Shang YX. Bidirectional association between asthma and obesity during childhood and adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2020;8:576858.
Kim SH, Sutherland ER, Gelfand EW. Is there a link between obesity and asthma?. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2014;6:189-95.
Reyes-Angel J, Kaviany P, Rastogi D, Forno E. Obesity-related asthma in children and adolescents. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2022;6:713-24.
Lang JE, Hossain J, Smith K, Lima JJ. Asthma severity, exacerbation risk, and controller treatment burden in underweight and obese children. J Asthma 2012;49:456-63.
Holguin F, Bleecker ER, Busse WW, et al. Obesity and asthma: an association modified by age of asthma onset. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:1486-93.e2.
Santamaria F, Montella S, Greco L, et al. Obesity duration is associated to pulmonary function impairment in obese subjects. Obesity 2011;19:1623-8.
Forno E, Lescher R, Strunk R, et al. Decreased response to inhaled steroids in overweight and obese asthmatic children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:741-9.
Kang M, Sohn SJ, Shin MH. Association between body mass index and prevalence of asthma in Korean adults. Chonnam Med J 2020;56:62-7.
Luder E, Ehrlich RI, Lou WYW, et al. Body mass index and the risk of asthma in adults. Respir Med 2004;98:29-37.
Shore SA. Obesity and asthma: possible mechanisms. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;121:1087-93.
Huang YJ, Chu YC, Chen CW, et al. Relationship among genetic variants, obesity traits and asthma in the Taiwan Biobank. BMJ Open Respir Res 2022;9:e001355.
Han X, Zhu Z, Xiao Q, et al. Obesity-related biomarkers underlie a shared genetic architecture between childhood body mass index and childhood asthma. Commun Biol 2022;5:1098.
Cole TJ, Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Heo M. What is the best measure of adiposity change in growing children: BMI, BMI %, BMI z-score or BMI centile?. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005;59:419-25.
National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and health statistics. Evaluation of alternative body mass index (BMI) metrics to monitor weight status in children and adolescents with extremely high BMI using CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_02/sr02-197.pdf.
Global Initiative for Asthma. 2022 GINA Main Report. Available from: https://ginasthma.org/gina-reports/. Accessed: 27/05/2023.
Rothe T, Spagnolo P, Bridevaux PO, et al. Diagnosis and management of asthma - The Swiss guidelines. Respiration 2018;95:364-80.
Forno E, Celedón JC. Predicting asthma exacerbations in children. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2012;18:63-9.
Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Barjaktarevic IZ, et al. Standardization of spirometry 2019 update. An official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society technical statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019;200:e70-88.
Peters U, Dixon AE, Forno E. Obesity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018;141:1169-79.
Ahmadizar F, Vijverberg SJH, Arets HGM, et al. Childhood obesity in relation to poor asthma control and exacerbation: a meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2016;48:1063-73.
Okubo Y, Nochioka K, Hataya H, et al. Burden of obesity on pediatric inpatients with acute asthma exacerbation in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2016;4:1227-31.
Negri E, Pagano R, Decarli A, La Vecchia C. Body weight and the prevalence of chronic diseases. J Epidemiol Community Health 1988;42:24-9.
Lusky A, Barell V, Lubin F, et al. Relationship between morbidity and extreme values of body mass index in adolescents. Int J Epidemiol 1996;25:829-34.
Forno E, Han YY, Mullen J, Celedón JC. Overweight, obesity, and lung function in children and adults-a meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018;6:570-81.e10.
Davidson WJ, Mackenzie-Rife KA, Witmans MB, et al. Obesity negatively impacts lung function in children and adolescents. Pediatr Pulmonol 2014;49:1003-10.
Aziz DA, Abbas A, Viquar W, Hussain AM. Association of vitamin D levels and asthma exacerbations in children and adolescents: experience from a tertiary care center. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022;93:2230.
Luthe SK, Hirayama A, Goto T, et al. Association between obesity and acute severity among patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018;6:1936-41.e4.
Kattan M, Kumar R, Bloomberg GR, et al. Asthma control, adiposity, and adipokines among inner-city adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:584-92.
McGarry ME, Castellanos E, Thakur N, et al. Obesity and bronchodilator response in black and Hispanic children and adolescents with asthma. Chest 2015;147:1591-8.
Han J, Nguyen J, Kim Y, et al. Effect of inhaled corticosteroid use on weight (BMI) in pediatric patients with moderate-severe asthma. J Asthma 2019;56:263-9.
Da Silva PL, De Mello MT, Cheik NC, et al. Interdisciplinary therapy improves biomarkers profile and lung function in asthmatic obese adolescents. Pediatr Pulmonol 2012;47:8-17.
Willeboordse M, Van De Kant KDG, Tan FES, et al. A multifactorial weight reduction programme for children with overweight and asthma: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2016;11:e0157158.
Luna-Pech JA, Torres-Mendoza BM, Luna-Pech JA, et al. Normocaloric diet improves asthma-related quality of life in obese pubertal adolescents. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014;163:252-8.
Stenius-Aarniala B, Poussa T, Kvarnström J, et al. Immediate and long term effects of weight reduction in obese people with asthma: randomised controlled study. BMJ 2000;320:827-32.
Ethics Approval
Approval was received by the Ethics Review Committee at Aga Khan University Hospital.How to Cite
Aziz, Danish Abdul, Rameen Ata Bajwa, Werdah Viquar, Fatima Siddiqui, and Aiza Abbas. 2023. “Asthma Exacerbations and Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 94 (2). https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2023.2581.
Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Kamal Kant Sahu, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Kevin Martin, Iryna Chastain, COVID-19 and restrictive lung disease: A deadly combo to trip off the fine balance , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 90 No. 2 (2020)
- E. Radzikowska, J. Pawlowski, M. Chabowski, R. Langfort, Constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans in patient with Castelman's disease , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 63 No. 4 (2005): Pulmonary series
- Soumitra Ghosh, Neha Handa, Sudheer Tale, Ashish Bhalla, A rare case of lung abscess due to esophageo-pulmonary fistula in asymptomatic carcinoma of esophagus , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 91 No. 4 (2021)
- Pietro Bertoglio, Ivan Lomangino, Giulia Querzoli, Angela Bonalumi, Giuseppe S. Bogina, Alberto C. Terzi, Primary Hodgkin lymphoma of the lung arising with hemoptysis and pulmonary consolidation: a case report , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 91 No. 4 (2021)
- Roberto Torchio, Alessandra Mazzucco, Marco Guglielmo, Roberto Giardino, Claudio Ciacco, Francesco Ardissone, Minute ventilation to carbon dioxide output (V’E/V’CO2 slope) is the strongest death predictor before larger lung resections , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 87 No. 3 (2017)
- Ana Hecimovic, Andrea Vukic Dugac, Mateja Jankovic Makek, Maja Cikes, Miroslav Samarzija, Marko Jakopovic, Treatment of EGFR positive lung adenocarcinoma in a heart transplanted patient , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 89 No. 2 (2019)
- Ana Hecimovic, Marko Jakopovic, Andrea Vukic Dugac, Feda Dzubur, Miroslav Samarzija, Metastatic cancer mimics interstitial lung disease. Cases when we need fast diagnosis and treatment , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 89 No. 2 (2019)
- Alfonso Carleo, Claudia Landi, Antje Prasse, Laura Bergantini, Miriana d'Alessandro, Paolo Cameli, Sabina Janciauskiene, Paola Rottoli, Luca Bini, Elena Bargagli, Proteomic characterization of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: stable versus acute exacerbation , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 90 No. 2 (2020)
- Yeliz Akturk, Serra Ozbal Günes, Baki Hekimoglu, A rib abnormality mimicking pulmonary nodule: a pitfall in the plain chest x-ray , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 81 No. 1-2 (2015): Pulmonary series
- Manoranjan Pattnaik, Jeetendra Kumar Patra, Onkar Kumar Jha, Endobronchial ultrasound sonographic characteristics of mediastinal lymph node in the evaluation of lung cancer , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 94 No. 2 (2024)
<< < 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
