https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2023.2719
Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in chronic simple silicosis patients and its correlation with smoking history, occupation type, age and duration of silica exposure
Submitted: July 18, 2023
Accepted: November 15, 2023
Published: November 30, 2023
Accepted: November 15, 2023
Abstract Views: 661
PDF_EARLY VIEW: 304
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Silicosis is a preventable occupational health hazard with potential for permanent physical disability and increased socio-economic burden. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to chronic respiratory diseases signifies poorer prognosis and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has proven its usefulness as a screening tool for PH diagnosis. The objectives were to determine PH prevalence in chronic simple silicosis patients through TTE screening and correlate PH prevalence with smoking status, occupation type, age and duration of silica exposure (DSE). We enrolled 104 patients in the study based on occupational exposure to silica dust and radiologic confirmation of chronic simple silicosis. The study sample was divided into significant smokers (SS group) and insignificant smokers (InS group) on the basis of ≥10 pack years smoking history, and into drillers and dressers based on occupation type. TTE examination was performed to measure resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and the patients were classified into: no PH (mPAP≤20 mm Hg), borderline PH (mPAP>20 and <25 mmHg), and PH (mPAP≥25). PH prevalence was 25% in study subjects (26/104); 29.6% (16/54) among SS group versus 20% (10/50) among InS group (.52) ; and 34.2% (14/41) among drillers versus 19.1% (12/63) among dressers (p=.024). Mean age and mean duration of silica exposure among SS and InS groups were comparatively similar, while they had lower values among dressers against dressers with no statistical significance. Logistic regression analysis established a significant association of PH prevalence with higher age in the study sample, SS group and drillers group, while a significant association of PH prevalence with longer DSE was only seen in the study sample. PH prevalence was significantly associated (p=.007) with SS-driller group on comparing TTE findings with combined smoking and occupation type based groups. This study has shown PH prevalence in chronic simple silicosis patients at alarming levels, having associations with driller occupation, older age and longer DSE with varying results among groups and complex interplay with smoking exposure, suggesting the need for large sample-based molecular and genetic studies. Including TTE in the initial work-up of silicosis patients will promote timely intervention and reduce morbidity and mortality with a high benefit-cost ratio.
Leung CC, Yu ITS, Chen W. Silicosis. Lancet 2012;379:2008-18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60235-9
Mossman BT, Churg A. Mechanisms in the pathogenesis of asbestosis and silicosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1666-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9707141
Greenberg MI, Waksman J, Curtis J. Silicosis: a review. Dis Mon 2007;53:394-416.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2007.09.020
Hoffman EO, Lamberty J, Pizzolato P. The ultrastructure of acute silicosis. Arch Pathol 1973;96:104-7.
Aghilinejad M, Naserbakht A, Naserbakht M, Attari G. Silicosis among stone- cutter workers: a cross-sectional study. Tanaffos 2012;11:38-41.
Rosenstock L, Cullen MR, Brodkin CA, Redlich CA. Text book of clinical occupational and environmental medicine. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2005.
Harber P, Schenker M, Balmes J. Occupational and environmental respiratory disease. London: Mosby; 1995.
Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-aramid fibrils. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 1997;68:1-475.
Singh SK, Chowdhary GR, Chhangani VD, Purohit G. Quantification of reduction in forced vital capacity of sand stone quarry workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2007;4:296-300.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph200704040005
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Preventing silicosis and deaths in rock drillers; 1992. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/92-107/default.html#print.
International Labour Oraginization. The prevention of occupational diseases: world day for safety and health at work, 28 April 2013; 2013. Available from: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/publication/wcms_208226.pdf.
Jindal SK. Silicosis in India: past and present. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2013;19:163-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0b013e32835bb19e
Saiyed HN, Parikh DJ, Ghodasara NB, et al. Silicosis in slate pencil workers: I. An environmental and medical study. Am J Ind Med 1985;8:127-33
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700080207
Gupta SP, Bajaj A, Jain AL, Vasudeva YL. Clinical and radiological studies in silicosis based on a study of the disease amongst stone-cutters. Indian J Med Res 1972;60:1309-15.
Parihar YS, Patnaik JP, Nema BK, et al. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis: a study of prevalence in coal mines of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Orissa states of India. Ind Health 1997;35:467-73
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.35.467
Chopra K, Prakash P, Bhansali S, et al. Incidence and prevalence of silicotuberculosis in western Rajasthan: a retrospective study of three years. Nat J Community Med 2012;3:161-3.
Zelko IN, Zhu J, Ritzenthaler JD, Roman J. Pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling in mice exposed to crystalline silica. Respir Res 2016;17:160.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-016-0478-5
Nemmar A, Vanbilloen H, Hoylaerts MF, et al. Passage of intratracheally instilled ultrafine particles from the lung into the systemic circulation in hamster. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:1665-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.164.9.2101036
Seaton A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Godden D. Particulate air pollution and acute health effects. Lancet 1995;345:176-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90173-6
Reaside D, Peacock A. Making measurement in the pulmonary circulation: when and how? Thorax 1997;54:9-11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.52.1.9
Hoeper MM, Bogaard HJ, Condliffe R, et al. Definitions and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:D42-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.032
Simonneau G, Montani D, Celermajer DS, et al. Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019;53:1801913.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01913-2018
Jandová R, Widimský J, Eisler L, Navrátil M. Long-term prognosis of pulmonary hypertension in silicosis. Cor Vasa 1980;22:221-37.
Hoeper MM, Ghofrani HA, Grünig E, et al. Pulmonary hypertension. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2017;114:73-84
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2016.0073
Oswald-Mammosser M, Oswald T, Nyankiye E, et al. Non-invasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Comparison of ECG, radiological measurements, echocardiography and myocardial scintigraphy. Eur J Respir Dis 1987;71:419-29.
Himelman RB, Struve SN, Brown JK, et al. Improved recognition of cor pulmonale in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Med 1988;84:891-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(88)90068-X
Tongers J, Schwerdtfeger B, Klein G, et al. Incidence and clinical relevance of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in pulmonary hypertension. Am Heart J 2007;153:127-32.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2006.09.008
Bonderman D, Wexberg P, Heinzl H, Lang IM. Non-invasive algorithms for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. Thromb Haemost 2012;108:1037-41.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1160/TH12-04-0239
Chowdhury NJ, Nessa A, Begum M, et al. Relationship between pack year and lung function parameters in asymptomatic smokers. Mymensingh Med J 2021;30:509-13.
Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American society of echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:685-713.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2010.05.010
Chemla D, Castelain V, Humbert M, et al. New formula for predicting mean pulmonary artery pressure using systolic pulmonary artery pressure. Chest 2004;126:1313-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.126.4.1313
Liu Y, Rong Y, Steenland K, et al. Long-term exposure to crystalline silica and risk of heart disease mortality. Epidemiology 2014;25:689-96.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000143
Ophir N, Shai AB, Alcalay Y, et al. Smoking has a protective effects on functional and inflammatory parameters in workers exposed to artificial stone dust. Eur Respir J 2016;48:PA4281.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.PA4281
Tse LA, Yu ITS, Qiu H, Leung CC. Joint effects of smoking and silicosis on diseases to the lungs. PLoS One 2014;9:e104494.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104494
Hessel PA, Gamble JF, Nicolich M. Relationship between silicosis and smoking. Scand J Work Environ Health 2003;29:329-36.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.739
Liu Y, Zhou Y, Hnizdo E, et al. Total and cause-specific mortality risk associated with low-level exposure to crystalline silica: a 44-year cohort study from China. Am J Epidemiol 2017;186:481-90.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx124
Ethics Approval
The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur on May 3, 2016 (Approval document No.F.1/Acad/MC/JU/16/7814).How to Cite
Kumari, Jyoti, Manish Advani, and Gopal Purohit. 2023. “Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Simple Silicosis Patients and Its Correlation With Smoking History, Occupation Type, Age and Duration of Silica Exposure”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, November. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2023.2719.
Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Shayan Shahid, Ali bin Abdul Jabbar, Abdullah Wagley, Muhammad Daniyal Musharraf, Haris Zahid, Syed Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Irfan, Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a retrospective review of clinical, radiological, microbiological and lung function profile at a tertiary care center of low-middle income country , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Early Access
- Chiara Sordelli, Raffaele Verde, Nunzia Fele, Sara Hana Weisz, Laura Severino, Alessandro Perrella, Angela Guarino, Emilio Di Lorenzo, Sergio Severino, A case of a huge aortic pseudo-aneurysm following aortic bioprosthetic endocarditis: the key role of 3D echocardiography , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Early Access
- Igor Sergeevich Mamenko, Igor V. Vasilev, Roman V. Simonov, Anna S. Zakharova, Pavel V. Gavrilov, Ivetta V. Dvorakovskaya, Tatiana A. Novitskaya, Petr K. Yablonskiy, Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of diffuse cystic lung disease in Sjögren’s syndrome , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 94 No. 3 (2024)
- Alice Pozza, Martina Avesani, Irene Cattapan, Elena Reffo, Annachiara Cavaliere, Jolanda Sabatino, Sofia Piana, Anna Molinaroli, Domenico Sirico, Biagio Castaldi, Alessia Cerutti, Roberta Biffanti, Giovanni di Salvo, Multimodality imaging and functional assessment in patients with systemic right ventricle and biventricular physiology: a retrospective single-center study , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 94 No. 3 (2024)
- Raj Kumar, Shyam Kanhaiya Saroj, Manoj Kumar, Tobacco Quitline toll-free number on tobacco packets in India: An analysis on outcome , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 91 No. 2 (2021)
- Silvia Faverzani, Filippo Nocera, Ernesto Crisafulli, Maurizio Marvisi, Andrea Becciolini, Federica Mosetti, Eleonora Di Donato, Flavio Mozzani, Daniele Santilli, Giuseppe Scopelliti, Alarico Ariani, Home-based unsupervised pulmonary rehabilitation program improves the respiratory disability in systemic sclerosis patients with dyspnea: an observational prospective study , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 92 No. 3 (2022)
- Cuneyt Tetikkurt, Buket Caliskaner Ozturk, Nejdiye Gungordu, Diagnosis of pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis: A review , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 93 No. 3 (2023)
- Hani Al Sergani, Antonella Moreo, Eduardo Bossone, Olga Vriz, Ali Alenazy, Ahmed Alshehri, Mohammed Al Amri, Ahmad Alhamshari, Bandar Alamro, Domenico Galzerano, Imaging in transcatheter native mitral valve replacement with Tendyne mitral valve system: echocardiographic pathway for the interventional imager , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 93 No. 2 (2023)
- Davide Cavasin, Umberto Zanini, Laura Montelisciani, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Laura Fabbri, Laura Antolini, Fabrizio Luppi, The impact of COVID-19 infection on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Early Access
- Anastasiia Russkikh, Oleksandr Korotych, Yuliia Sereda, Anastasia Samoilova, Jay Achar, Askar Yedilbayev, Masoud Dara, Irina Vasilyeva, Factors associated with culture conversion among adults treated for pulmonary extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis during 2018-2019 in the Russian Federation: an observational cohort study , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 91 No. 1 (2021)
<< < 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
