https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2852

Tailored treatment for tuberculosis in transgender individuals: a call for a patient-centered approach from a large Italian cohort

Early Access
Published: January 11, 2024
Tuberculosis, RR/MDR-TB, pre-XDR-TB, outcome
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Authors

Niccolò Riccardi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-4707
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
Roberta Maria Antonello
rma.roby@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-441X
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan, Italy.
Maurizio Ferrarese
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0760-9304
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Regional TB Reference Center, Villa Marelli Institute, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Alice Repossi
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Regional TB Reference Center, Villa Marelli Institute, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Laura Saderi
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy.
Giovanni Fumagalli
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Regional TB Reference Center, Villa Marelli Institute, Niguarda Hospital, Milan; Pulmonology Unit Niguarda Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
Giorgio Besozzi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-8493
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan, Italy.
Giovanni Sotgiu
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy.
Luigi Codecasa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6825-2050
StopTB Italia ODV, Milan; Regional TB Reference Center, Villa Marelli Institute, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and management in special populations remain challenging. Data about TB and transgender individuals is scarce, and strategies aimed at reducing the TB burden in this at-risk group are needed. We conducted an observational monocentric study from a national reference center for TB, including transgender individuals with active TB in a low-TB burden country (Italy), over 34 years (1990-2023). Sixty-six transgender males and two transgender females (median age 30 years, interquartile range 26-38 years, 65 migrants) were included. Most patients (38/66, 57.6%) lived in poor social conditions. 65.2% (43/66) of patients were people living with HIV. Multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and isoniazid-resistant TB were diagnosed in five (7.6%) and three (4.5%) patients, respectively. The overall treatment success rate was 72.7% (48/66 patients), with differences observed according to social conditions. Our study highlights the need for a tailored approach to increase treatment success in this at-risk population.

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Ethics Approval

The study received ethical approval n. 578–112,018 from the ethical committee of ASST Niguarda Ca′ Granda in Milan (Italy) and it was conducted in agreement with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its later amendments.

How to Cite

Riccardi, Niccolò, Roberta Maria Antonello, Maurizio Ferrarese, Alice Repossi, Laura Saderi, Giovanni Fumagalli, Giorgio Besozzi, Giovanni Sotgiu, and Luigi Codecasa. 2024. “Tailored Treatment for Tuberculosis in Transgender Individuals: A Call for a Patient-Centered Approach from a Large Italian Cohort”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, January. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2852.
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