https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2970
Smoking cessation among tuberculosis patients during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic
Submitted: February 27, 2024
Accepted: March 25, 2024
Published: April 24, 2024
Accepted: March 25, 2024
Abstract Views: 452
PDF_EARLY VIEW: 207
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Smoking has been recognized as a significant risk factor for COVID-19 and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended smoking cessation to reduce the impact of COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the smoking cessation rate of patients starting tuberculosis (TB) treatment at six months using motivational interviewing based on the WHO "five steps to quit" model. In addition, we assessed the knowledge about smoking and the barriers to smoking cessation. We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Outpatients aged >18 years, smokers, and those who are starting TB treatment in two outpatient TB clinics were invited to participate. Patients received information about the importance of smoking cessation, especially in TB patients, and standardized advice based on guidelines. This information was repeated during phone calls during the second and fourth months of treatment. During the study period, 111 patients were included. The primary outcome was the smoking cessation rate at the end of the sixth month of treatment, which was 26.8% (19/71). The barriers to smoking cessation described by the patients were anxiety/depression (47.4%), seeing someone smoking (38.5%), drug use (19.2%), and alcohol abuse (2.6%). The assessment of knowledge about smoking showed that patients had some information gaps. In conclusion, TB smokers who tried to quit smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic faced many challenges. Despite this, we demonstrated a reasonable smoking cessation rate with a nurse-conducted motivational interview.
World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2023.
Lin HH, Ezzati M, Chang HY, Murray M. Association between tobacco smoking and active tuberculosis in Taiwan: prospective cohort study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009;180:475-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200904-0549OC
Visser ME, Stead MC, Walzl G, et al. Baseline predictors of sputum culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis: Importance of cavities, smoking, time to detection and w-beijing genotype. PLoS One 2012;7:e29588.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029588
De Vargas KR, Freitas AA, Azeredo ACV, Silva DR. Smoking prevalence and effects on treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis. Rev Assoc Med Bras 2021;67:406-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20200825
Wen CP, Chan TC, Chan HT, et al. The reduction of tuberculosis risks by smoking cessation. BMC Infect Dis 2010;10:156.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-156
Kıral N, Fidan A, Eraslan B, et al. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking habits in a tertiary hospital. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023;27:1170-5.
Zeng Y, Luk TT, Wu Y, et al. Associations of changes in smoking-related practices with quit attempt and smoking consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study. Tob Induc Dis 2022;20:20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/156454
Finck JM, Bohnet S, Auth K, et al. Smoking behavior and smoking cessation because of and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a brief online survey 12 months into the pandemic and during the second wave in Europe. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19:16540.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416540
World Health Organization. The importance of tobacco cessation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/events/detail/2021/03/16/default-calendar/the-importance-of-tobacco-cessation-in-the-context-of-the-COVID-19-pandemic. Accessed on: 24/03/2023.
World Health Organization. Toolkit for delivering the 5A’s and 5R’s brief tobacco interventions in primary care. 2014. Available from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/112835/9789241506953_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Accessed on: 24/03/2023.
Ministério da Saúde. Boletim epidemiológico tuberculose. 2022. Available from: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/epidemiologicos/especiais/2022/boletim-epidemiologico-de-tuberculose-numero-especial-marco-2022.pdf. [Material in Portuguese].
Silva DR, Rabahi MF, Sant'Anna CC, et al. Diagnosis of tuberculosis: a consensus statement from the Brazilian Thoracic Association. J Bras Pneumol 2021;47:e202210054.
Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence: a review of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989;12:159-82.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00846549
Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerstrom KO. The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence: a revision of the Fagerström tolerance questionnaire. Br J Addict 1991;86:1119-27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x
Richmond RL, Kehoe LA, Webster IW. Multivariate models for predicting abstention following intervention to stop smoking by general practitioners. Addiction 1993;88:1127-35.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02132.x
Louwagie GMC, Ayo-Yusuf OA. Predictors of tobacco smoking abstinence among tuberculosis patients in South Africa. J Behav Med 2015;38:472-82.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-015-9620-y
Jeyashree K, Nayak P. TB and tobacco integration: what is missing and what can we expect?. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018;22:711.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.18.0353
Ng N, Padmawati RS, Prabandari YS, Nichter M. Smoking behavior among former tuberculosis patients in Indonesia: intervention is needed. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008;12:567-72.
Stead LF, Buitrago D, Preciado N, et al. Physician advice for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;2013:CD000165.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000165.pub4
Demers RY, Neale AV, Adams R, et al. The impact of physicians’ brief smoking cessation counseling: a MIRNET study. J Fam Pract 1990;31:625-9.
Perski O, Theodoraki M, Cox S, et al. Associations between smoking to relieve stress, motivation to stop and quit attempts across the social spectrum: a population survey in England. PLoS One 2022;17:e0268447.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268447
Giovenco DP, Spillane TE, Maggi RM, et al. Multi-level drivers of tobacco use and purchasing behaviors during COVID-19 “lockdown”: a qualitative study in the United States. Int J Drug Policy 2021;94:103175.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103175
Grogan S, Walker L, McChesney G, et al. How has COVID-19 lockdown impacted smoking? A thematic analysis of written accounts from UK smokers. Psychol Health 2022;37:17-33.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1862110
O’donnell R, Eadie D, Stead M, et al. ‘I was smoking a lot more during lockdown because I can’: a qualitative study of how UK smokers responded to the covid-19 lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18:5816.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115816
Neubert C, Nussbaum AK, Tewes N, Westwood P. Barriers to quitting smoking – a survey among 1000 adult cigarette smokers in Germany. Qeios 2022.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32388/N507Y2.3
West JC, Peasley-Miklus C, Graham AL, et al. Impact of alcohol and drug use on smoking and cessation in socioeconomically disadvantaged young adults. Addict Behav 2020;110:106486.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106486
Cheng HG, McBride O, Phillips MR. Relationship between knowledge about the harms of smoking and smoking status in the 2010 Global Adult Tobacco China Survey. Tob Control 2015;24:54-61.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051163
Snell LM, Colby SM, Deatley T, et al. associations between nicotine knowledge and smoking cessation behaviors among US adults who smoke. Nicotine Tob Res 2022;24:855-63.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntab246
Ethics Approval
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre in June 3rd, 2020 (number 180540).How to Cite
Coutinho, Sandra Eugênia, Raimunda Sinthia Lima de Braga, André Külzer Santos, Joanna Scopel Velho, and Denise Rossato Silva. 2024. “Smoking Cessation Among Tuberculosis Patients During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, April. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.2970.
Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Carlo Preti, Roberta Biza, Luca Novelli, Arianna Ghirardi, Caterina Conti, Chiara Galimberti, Lorenzo Della Bella, Irdi Memaj, Fabiano Di Marco, Roberto Cosentini, Usefulness of CURB-65, pneumonia severity index and MuLBSTA in predicting COVID-19 mortality , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 92 No. 4 (2022)
- Hiroaki Satoh, Yuika Sasatani, Pulmonary co-infection with Actinomyces odontolyticus and Mycobacterium kansashii , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 92 No. 3 (2022)
- Tarun Krishna Boppana, Saurabh Mittal, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan, Vijay Hadda, Randeep Guleria, Tocilizumab for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 92 No. 4 (2022)
- Karina Vieira da Costa, Iara Tainá Cordeiro de Souza, João Victor dos Santos Felix, Celso Brendo Furtado Brandão, Vanessa Michelle de Souza Fernandes, Andressa Bomfim Lugon Favero, Maria Lucrécia de Aquino Gouveia, Dyego Tavares de Lima, José Heriston de Morais Lima, Rafaela Pedrosa, Tatiana Onofre, Geraldo Eduardo Guedes de Brito, Eduardo Eriko Tenorio de França, Efficacy of a rehabilitation protocol on pulmonary and respiratory muscle function and ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm and quadriceps femoris in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome: a series of cases , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 93 No. 1 (2023)
- Sumita Agrawal, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, Nitesh Gupta, Ayush Lohiya, Role of low dose computed tomography on lung cancer detection and mortality - an updated systematic review and meta-analysis , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 93 No. 1 (2023)
- Hussein Soleimantabar, Sofia Sabouri, Leila Khedmat, Samira Salajeghe, Behzad Memari, Bahareh Heshmat Ghahderijani, Assessment of CT angiographic findings in comparison with echocardiography findings of chest among patients with aortic arch anomalies , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 89 No. 3 (2019)
- Federico Piffer, Guido Levi, Giampietro Marchetti, Chiara Barbieri, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in tuberculous pleurisy and ulcerative colitis: a case report , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 89 No. 3 (2019)
- Nitesh Gupta, A J Mahendran, Shibdas Chakrabarti, Sumita Agrawal, Microscopic polyangiitis in a case of silica exposure: a rare presentation , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Vol. 89 No. 3 (2019)
- Soumaya Benmaamar, Btissame Es-sabbahi, Mohammed Taghyioullah Haiba, Mohamed Omari, Ibtissam El Harch, Mohammed Youbi, Latifa Belakhhel, Loubna Abousselham, Hafid Hachri, Imane El Menchawyi, Samira EL Fakir, Mohammed Chakib Benjelloun, Nabil Tachfouti, Economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Morocco: a cost of illness study , Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease: Early Access
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
