The impact of COVID-19 infection on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Submitted: May 28, 2024
Accepted: September 11, 2024
Published: October 15, 2024
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COVID-19 has a negative impact on the survival of respiratory patients, especially those with interstitial lung disease. This review aims to better understand the effect of COVID-19 on patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus performed from December 2019 up to July 2024 identified relevant studies. Eligibility criteria included English language, sample size ≥10 patients, COVID-19 infection and outcome measures. Two independent reviewers assessed studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for bias and extracted data. Meta-analysis employed a random-effects model, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessed evidence quality. Outcomes considered were hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mortality. Of the 1541 initially identified articles, 6 high-quality studies were included. Meta-analysis revealed a 34% mortality rate [95% confidence interval (CI): 21-48%], 36% hospitalization rate (95% CI: 10-75%), and 31% ICU admission rate (95% CI: 7-71%) among IPF patients with COVID-19. The certainty of evidence was low or very low due to publication bias and heterogeneity. This study underscores the elevated risk of hospitalization and death in IPF patients with COVID-19, emphasizing the vulnerability of this population. Prompt and tailored care is crucial to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on IPF patients, necessitating proactive measures, vaccination, and comprehensive management.

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How to Cite

Cavasin, Davide, Umberto Zanini, Laura Montelisciani, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Laura Fabbri, Laura Antolini, and Fabrizio Luppi. 2024. “ The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, October. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3070.

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