Clinical profile, risk factors, disease severity, and outcome for COVID-19 disease in patients with tuberculosis on treatment under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program: a cohort of 1400 patients

Submitted: June 26, 2024
Accepted: September 19, 2024
Published: November 8, 2024
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COVID-19 affected millions of people worldwide, and tuberculosis (TB) continues to affect millions of people each year. The combined pandemic of COVID-19 and TB had a catastrophic effect on healthcare policies and healthcare setups around the globe. The clinical profile and factors affecting the outcome of COVID-19 disease in TB patients on treatment in field conditions have not been studied in detail. The present study attempted to study the occurrence of COVID-19 among patients on TB treatment in terms of severity of COVID-19 disease and outcome of both COVID-19 and TB in patients at National Tuberculosis Elimination Program treatment centers over a period of one year during peak COVID-19 times. Out of 1400 TB patients enrolled, 65 (5%) suffered from COVID-19 disease. Of the 65 TB patients with COVID-19 disease, 37 (57%) were male and under 45 years old, 33 (51%) had a TB diagnosis after first receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis, 29 (45%) had a TB diagnosis first, and received anti-TB treatment before receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis, and only 3 patients (5%) had a COVID-19 and TB diagnosis concurrently. The majority of 59 (91%) patients had mild COVID-19 disease. The outcome of TB treatment was available in 25 patients out of these 65 COVID-19-positive patients, with 21 (84%) patients having a favorable outcome. Out of the 65 COVID-19-positive patients, 4/25 (16%) had unfavorable outcomes, with one patient (4%) failing TB treatment and two patients (8%) dying. This is the first study from India that studied the occurrence and course of COVID-19 among a large number of TB patients taking anti-TB treatment under programmatic conditions. Due to the similarity in symptoms of TB and certain viral respiratory illnesses, a protocol should be established for health care to check patients for both illnesses.

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Citations

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Ethics Approval

Research and ethical approval (office letter no. NITRD/RC/2021/6291, letter no. NITRD/EC/2021/6831 respectively) were obtained from Institutional Research and Ethical Committee.

How to Cite

Singla, Neeta, Amitesh Gupta, U.K. Khalid, Ravindra Kumar Dewan, and Rupak Singla. 2024. “Clinical Profile, Risk Factors, Disease Severity, and Outcome for COVID-19 Disease in Patients With Tuberculosis on Treatment under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program: A Cohort of 1400 Patients”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, November. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2024.3103.

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