Barriers to cardiac rehabilitation access of older heart failure patients and strategies for better implementation

Submitted: May 24, 2016
Accepted: May 24, 2016
Published: June 22, 2016
Abstract Views: 3441
PDF: 1822
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Authors

In heart failure (HF), cardiac rehabilitation (CR) may reduce decompensations, hospitalization, and ultimately mortality in long term. Many studies over the past decade have demonstrated that aerobic exercise training is effective and safe in stable patients with HF. Exercise CR resulted in a clinically important improvement in the QOL. Several clinical and psychosocial factors are associated with decreased participation in CR programs of elderly HF patients, such as perception of exercise as tiring or painful, comorbidities, lack of physician encouragement, and opinion that CR will not improve their health status. Besides low functional capacity, and chronic deconditioning may also deter patients from participating in CR programs.  Recent data suggest that current smoking, a BMI ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes mellitus, and cognitive dysfunction are associated with failure to enroll in outpatient CR in older age group. Moreover the lack of availability of CR facilities or the absence of financial refunds for enrolment of CHF patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs can play a crucial role. Many of this factors are modifiable through patient education and self care strategy instruction, health providers sensibilization, and implementing economic measures in order to make CR affordable. 

Riassunto

Numerosi studi hanno dimostrato come la riabilitazione cardiovascolare (RC) con esercizio aerobico sia risultato efficace e sicuro nei pazienti con scompenso cardiaco (SC), nel ridurre ospedalizzazioni, mortalità ed indurre un miglioramento della qualità di vita. Tuttavia numerosi fattori clinici e psicosociali, come la bassa capacità funzionale, le comorbidità, la percezione dell’esercizio fisico come noioso o doloroso, sono associati a ridotta partecipazione a RC da parte di pazienti anziani con SC.  Inoltre dati recenti mostrano come l’abitudine tabagica, un BMI ≥30 kg/m2, il diabete mellito ed il deterioramento cognitivo siano associati con il mancato arruolamento di pazienti anziani in programmi di RC.  In aggiunta la mancanza di disponibilità di strutture per la RC o l'assenza di rimborsi finanziari per l'iscrizione dei pazienti con SC in programmi di riabilitazione cardiaca possono svolgere un ruolo cruciale. Molti di questi fattori risultano modificabili attraverso programmi di educazione sanitaria del paziente, sensibilizzazione del personale sanitario ed attraverso un’implementazione delle misure economiche al fine di rendere accessibile la RC.

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Citations

Giovanni Pulignano, San Camillo Hospital
Heart Failure Clinic

How to Cite

Pulignano, Giovanni, Maria Denitza Tinti, Donatella Del Sindaco, Stefano Tolone, Giovanni Minardi, Antonio Lax, and Massimo Uguccioni. 2016. “Barriers to Cardiac Rehabilitation Access of Older Heart Failure Patients and Strategies for Better Implementation”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 84 (1-2). https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2015.732.

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